Comprehensive Sports Guide: Rules, Conditioning & Equipment

Athletic mastery depends on understanding official gameplay rules, optimizing equipment technology, and implementing sport-specific conditioning drills.

Happy boxer training in a gym

When Punching a Boxing Bag, What Muscles Are You Using?

Hitting a punch bag is a great workout -- not just for your arms but your whole body. Long “rounds” of three minutes will develop your anaerobic fitness and muscular endurance, while shorter “rounds” of higher intensity punching will develop power and strength.

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Golf player teeing off

Hip Pain from Golf

Golf seems like a low-key sport to the casual observer. There's no running or tackling, many people play golf to relax, and even television announcers speak in hushed tones. In reality, golf demands a lot from your body.

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Young woman playing tennis

What to Wear When Playing Tennis

Tennis fashion has changed dramatically since the early 20th century, when trousers, cotton shirts and full-length dresses were the norm. Now, players can choose from a variety of technologically advanced clothing to help manage weather conditions.

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Close-up of a golf club next to a golf ball

Range Balls Vs. Good Golf Ball Distances

You may find yourself frequently on the practice range working to perfect your golf swing, and hoping it helps you perform better on the golf course. When you move from the driving range to the golf course, take into consideration the balls you're using.

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Mature man holding bicycle pedal, looking at wheel

Aluminum Vs. Steel Bikes

Choosing a bicycle out of the thousands of designs and material variations can be daunting. Some differences between bikes are purely aesthetic, while others have a significant effect on performance.

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Teen girl playing softball in organized game

Softball Conditioning Drills

A softball player doesn't have to run long distances or bench press 300 pounds to play successfully, but she does need to prepare her body for the rigors of the game. Softball involves sprinting and throwing, both of which require intense muscle contractions and a certain level of anaerobic fitness.

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Volleyball net inside lighted school gym hall

Volleyball Facilities & Equipment

Volleyball was invented in 1895 by William G. Morgan as a less-strenuous alternative to basketball for middle-aged men. The sport began as a loose conglomeration of several other sports, incorporating equipment and ideas from badminton, tennis and basketball.

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The Eighth-Annual Veuve Clicquot Polo Classic - VIP

Polo Match Etiquette

Polo is a sport synonymous with luxury, but that does not mean that only the rich and famous can attend a match. Far from touting the exclusivity of centuries past, polo has been trying to repaint its image as a game for everyone.

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Football boots hang in a changing room

Metal vs. Plastic Cleats

Top athletic performance, no matter what sport you play, depends first and foremost on stability. You need to have your feet firmly planted underneath you before you can throw, catch, kick, twist, turn or push off for a run.

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Line of Scrimmage

NFL Rules for Out of Bounds

A play that ends up out of bounds in the NFL can bring up tricky ramifications for the officiating crew. While the rules concerning out of bounds plays are similar to those in college and high school football, subtle differences exist as well.

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Retro styled sepia image of a vintage bicycle

How to Size a Beach Cruiser Bike

Beach cruiser bicycles came to popularity in the late 1990s, although the original design dates to the 1930s. Cruiser bikes feature balloon tires, single-speed gearing, an upright seated posture and are commonly made with steel painted with colorful designs.

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Close-up detail of bike wheel

Recommended Tire Pressure for a 26-Inch Bike Tire

With the wind in your face and the sun on your back, you can stay on the pavement or swing off to enjoy an adventurous ride on a bike path or trail. Whether a mountain, comfort or hybrid, your bicycle has tires carefully selected to accommodate your riding needs.

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Asian man putting on golf course

The Best Low-Compression Golf Balls

The compression of a golf ball is a measurement of its density. Compression measurements for all objects range from zero to 200, and golf ball compressions range from as low as 40 to a high of nearly 120. Low-compression golf balls are designed for players with slower swing speeds.

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Indoor soccer stadium

The Advantage of Indoor Soccer Shoes

Players who try to play indoor soccer in tennis shoes or cross-trainers often find that they don't have sufficient control over the ball. That is because those shoes are not designed for indoor soccer.

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Soccer team with coach

Male Vs. Female Sports

Before the modern, more egalitarian age of sports began during the latter half of the 20th century, men were much more likely than women to compete in athletics. In the 21st century, women can do almost anything men do across the board, although women have better opportunities in some sports than others.

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Band-Aid on a tip of a finger

How to Stop Picking My Nose

Bad habits are hard to break, especially those that start in childhood. Many kids and older people frequently pick their nose and it's likely to cause social problems because it is viewed as a nasty habit. It can always be disadvantageous to your health.

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High School Volleyball Match In Gymnasium

Rules for Junior High Volleyball

Volleyball played at the junior high school level is similar to the game played at the high school, college, professional and Olympic levels. However, there are some differences in the number of games that young players at this level may play in a given season or in a week during the season.

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Two soccer players competing for ball

How to Prepare for a Soccer Game

Soccer players typically take getting ready for the game fairly seriously. At the adult level, the game lasts 90 minutes, and that’s a long, long time to try to compete athletically if you misplaced a critical element of gear or have neglected your warmup.

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Two street basketball players on the basketball court

Throw-in Basketball Rules

The game of basketball has many rules to help maintain control and keep the game flowing smoothly. Players must abide by them and in order to understand the game, it's important for fans to learn the rules. Some rules, especially those regarding the throw-in, can be confusing.

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Portrait of two mid adult couples smiling on a tennis court

What Are the Uses of Sports Wristbands?

Tennis and sportswear legend Fred Perry invented the sweatband to absorb sweat from his hands and face while on the tennis court. Today, sport wristbands come in many shapes, sizes and materials. People have found uses beyond sopping up sweat. .

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