Comprehensive Sports Guide: Rules, Conditioning & Equipment

Athletic mastery depends on understanding official gameplay rules, optimizing equipment technology, and implementing sport-specific conditioning drills.

Coach and students in training volleyball

Volleyball Drills for Middle School Girls

Volleyball drills for middle school girls are designed to improve their form and technique as well as their agility on the court. While individual skills can be improved through drills, other drills work on improving team chemistry and communication. Volleyball drills range from service drills to spiking drills.

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Young woman doing stretches

Gymnastic Flexibility Exercises

A gymnast in action appears to have remarkable flexibility, turning and twisting in extraordinary ways. Gymnasts do not necessarily possess unusual muscle strength or elasticity, rather they develop their flexibility through a regimen of regular stretching and flexibility exercises.

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Workout Routines for Soccer Players

Soccer players who compete one day a week in a game need to devote five other days a week to their workout routines, notes Greg Gatz, conditioning coach for the University of North Carolina’s soccer teams. This allows one rest day.

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Water in My Lungs From Swimming

Buildup of water in the lungs can have fatal consequences if not recognized and treated immediately. Typically, fluid in the lungs stems from physiological causes, such as pulmonary edema, but it is possible to accumulate water in the lungs from swimming.

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Female gymnast stretching, studio shot

Female Gymnastic Workouts

Women gymnasts need to be both strong and agile. To accomplish this, they have to train for both power and flexibility. Gymnasts use every major muscle group in their body to perform the various moves that make up a routine.

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Portrait of a female teenage gymnast jumping

Requirements for the Different Gymnastics Levels

The national governing body in the USA is the USAG, or the United States of America Gymnastics. The USAG has established 10 Junior Olympic levels, according to the World of Gymnastics. Beyond the tenth level, a gymnast competes in elite gymnastics.

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Dizziness After Swimming

Feeling dizzy after you swim can hamper your plans and lead you to avoid swimming altogether. Most of the time, dizziness after swimming is mild and short-lived and not a cause for medical concern. Prevent or treat dizziness after swimming by making dietary changes and altering your swimming style.

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mountainbike couple outdoors

How Many Calories Are Burned While Biking for 3 Miles?

A cycling program is a great way to get in good shape and to lose that excess weight. Even a short bike ride such as three miles burns a surprising number of calories. For best results, you should maintain a continuous effort, rather than stopping and starting when doing so isn’t necessary for safety reasons.

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Does Doing the Bike at the Gym Help?

Riding a stationary bike at the gym can be an effective form of cardiovascular exercise. While it might not typically burn as many calories as riding a bike outdoors, it is easier on the joints and has the advantage of being accessible in any type of weather.

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run fast

Types of Football Running Backs

When a team builds a running attack, it can do so with a variety of types of backs. A running back can use his strength and bulk to overpower the defense. A running back can use his speed and quickness to make big plays and key yards.

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How to Excel at the Libero Position in Volleyball

The volleyball libero is a back-row defensive specialist who cannot block or attack balls above net height and cannot serve in international play. The libero's job is to receive serves, dig hits, pass and occasionally set. The position emerged internationally in 1998 to improve defense and ball movement. "

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Wrestler in ring

Is Wrestling the Hardest Sport?

If wrestling isn't the most difficult sport in the world, it's one of the most exhausting. To succeed at the highest levels in wrestling, you need a combination of physical power, speed, technical skill, mental toughness and endurance.

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Four People Chatting on a Dirt Road in a Forest Riding Mountain Bikes

Trek 4300 vs. Trek 3900

Cyclists seeking a rough, off-road riding bike may end up deciding between the Trek 4300 or Trek 3900. While the Trek 4300 suits riders who enjoy attacking rugged trails with rocks, logs or other obstacles, the Trek 3900 may appeal to commuters who get in a weekend trail ride.

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Boys playing soccer

Does Soccer Give You Thicker Thighs?

Playing soccer can give your body an intense workout, especially your legs. Soccer involves a lot of running -- much of it sprinting. This, combined with the repetitive kicking of the ball, can put your leg muscles -- particularly the quadriceps and hamstrings -- through a rigorous endurance and strength-training test.

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Gymnastic Moves for Beginners

Newcomers often are introduced to gymnastics by learning tumbling moves on the floor. This teaches them "air awareness, to know where their body is, what it is doing at all times,"

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Wrestlers

List of Moves for Freestyle Wrestling

Freestyle wrestling is a respected sport that has been around since the early 19th century. It is a close cousin of Greco-Roman and Folkstyle wrestling and utilizes throws, locks and leg trips in an attempt to score points and pin the opponent's shoulder blades to the mat.

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Close-up of golf clubs and an umbrella

Type of Glue for Replacing Golf Club Heads

Golf club heads are attached to the golf shaft with epoxy glue. Epoxy is a thermosetting polymer that is a high strength adhesive. Two parts, the resin and the hardener, are mixed together to create a chemical reaction that cures the epoxy to hardness.

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Senior woman floating in pool, arms outstretched, smiling, close-up

Different Floating Positions in Swimming

Knowing how to float in the water for long periods of time could save your life in an emergency. Although you often see swimmers floating on their backs, this is just one of many possible positions. Relaxing and staying motionless help you float more easily, regardless of the position.

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Hand of runner at starting blocks

Workout Routines for Track & Field

Track and field relies on speed, agility, quickness and balance more than power and strength. The larger your muscles, the more power and speed you can get from them. However, simply building muscles without training them for the demands of the sport will decrease your chances of success.

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