Human Body Anatomy: Integrated Systems & Physiological Health

In the human body, health is maintained through the interconnectedness of organ systems, proper posture, and stable biochemical metabolism.

Parts of the Brain Used While Driving

Driving requires a person to integrate information from multiple visual and auditory sources. Visual information that needs to be processed includes activity on the road, your mirrors and the instrument display. Similarly, auditory information includes sounds made by your car, other cars and pedestrians.

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X-ray of brain in skull

Parts of the Brain That Control Primitive Reflexes

The brain is a complex network of structures that work in harmony to control the many vital functions of the body and process information from the internal and outside environment. The vast majority of these functions are reflex actions that occur automatically and in harmony with other parts of the brain and the body.

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Patient walking with crutches in hospital

How to Lessen Arm Pain When Using Crutches

As your torso, shoulders, elbows and wrists work together to compensate for a hurt foot or leg, you may begin to experience arm pain. This is especially the case if you're using your crutches improperly. You can improve your overall experience by adopting a few pain-reducing basics of crutch operation.

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Science student looking through microscope in the lab

A List of Bad Bacteria

Bacteria are the oldest and most abundant life form on Earth. These microscopic, single-celled organisms live in all environments -- including in and on the human body. A study published in May 2016 in the "Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the U.S.A."

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What Body Systems Are Affected by Pseudoephedrine?

Pseudoephedrine is a decongestant medication sold over the counter (such as in Sudafed). It is also found as a component in some prescription medications. Pseudoephedrine is available as a tablet, chewable tablet, controlled-release tablet, capsule, syrup, suspension and liquid and as drops.

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Factors That Affect Respiration Rate

The brain is the primary controller of respiratory rate. It receives input from sensors that detect oxygen and carbon dioxide levels in the blood. Blood pH -- a reflection of its relative acidity or alkalinity -- also influences respiratory rate.

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Acupressure & Ear Seeds

If you’re suffering from addiction, cravings or unwanted habits, acupressure using ear seeds might be for you. In this form of traditional Chinese medicine, or TCM, a practitioner places the tiny seeds of the vaccaria plant on key points on the ear and tapes them in place.

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happy woman with heart-rate watch exercising

What Causes a Pulse in an Artery?

When you go to the doctor, she checks your heart rate by feeling your pulse. With each beat of the heart, a wave of blood is pushed from the heart into the circulation. These waves can be felt as pulsations in arteries close to the skin surface, such as those in the wrist and neck.

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The Male & Female Pelvic Differences

The pelvis is the bony structure of the hips, specialized to support the spine bones and to protect the abdominal organs. The pelvis consists of the three bones that make up the hips; the sacrum, a fusion of five separate sacral vertebrae; and the coccyx or tailbone, a fusion of four small vertebrae.

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Blue jean and plaster

Do You Lose Arm Muscle After Wearing a Cast?

You either use it or lose it, esp when your arm is in a cast. If you break or sprain your arm and need a cast, chances are your muscles will get a bit weaker. Fret not though -- through activity, you can get your arm back in shape. So, let your arm heal in the cast then work on getting it back in use.

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Jogging woman running in park

Why Does Exercise Increase the Pulse Rate?

The primary function of the heart is to pump oxygenated blood throughout the human body as part of the circulatory system. When a person exercises, the heart rate, otherwise known as the pulse, will increase rapidly with the output of energy.

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silhouette of female

5 Functions of the Skeleton

The typical human skeleton consists of 206 bones in adults. More bones are present at birth, which gradually fuse together as the body matures. The skeleton is divided into two parts. The axial skeleton includes the bones of the skull, face and spine along with the ribs and breastbone.

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Physiotherapist putting pressure to patients neck

What Are the Treatments for Trapezius Muscle Tear?

The trapezius, the large muscle of the back, is responsible for moving the shoulders and neck and supporting the arms. Overuse -- through weightlifting or carrying heavy objects -- may lead to muscle strain or a partial tear of the trapezius muscle, which may be mild -- first-degree -- or moderate -- second-degree.

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young woman holding her shoulder in pain

Shoulder Shrug Pain

You shrug your shoulders and a sharp pain radiates from the shoulder joint to the surrounding muscles. Possible causes can range from a mild muscle tear to a nerve impingement. The location and quality of the pain you’re experiencing will help reveal the underlying cause.

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Glass Medicine Vials with botox, hualuronic, collagen or flu Syringe

Effects of Steroids on the Male & Female Reproductive Systems

Legal and illegal steroids -- supplements or drugs similar to testosterone -- can have adverse effects on the male and female reproductive systems. Females might experience more severe effects when taking testosterone because it is produced in small amounts in the female body, making it a foreign substance for women.

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Pill.

Can Vitamins Change the Color of Your Urine?

Your kidneys filter out waste products from your blood and excrete them in the form of urine. Urine often has a yellow color, due to the presence of a compound called urochrome, which is produced when your red blood cells break down. Many things can alter the color of your urine, including vitamins.

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