Parenting & Child Development: From Infancy to Adolescence

Parenting success relies on understanding developmental benchmarks, managing maternal health during and after pregnancy, and implementing effective behavioral strategies for toddlers and teenagers.

All the worlds wondering

What Are the Psychological Causes of Bedwetting?

Wetting the bed is a common condition for children under six years of age and usually is caused by physiological factors. However, bedwetting, also known as secondary enuresis, may return later in adolescence or even adulthood.

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Define Physical Development

Physical development is the process that starts in human infancy and continues into late adolescent concentrating on gross and fine motor skills as well as puberty. Physical development involves developing control over the body, particularly muscles and physical coordination.

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Preschool Children in a School Class

The Effects of Child Care on Infants

Working parents often place their infants in child care centers or have a caretaker watch them. Hara Estroff Marano, a Psychology Today writer, reports that researchers have found an array of effects on babies who are in non-parental care for at least 10 hours per week.

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Teenage Boy Crouching in an Alley Smoking a Cigarette

What Are the Causes of Smoking Among Teens?

Nearly all cases of first time tobacco use take place before a person finishes high school, according to the American Cancer Society (ACS). The younger people are when they begin to smoke, the more likely they will become adult smokers.

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Concentrated pupils

A List of School Snacks for ADHD Kids

Most parents understand that food battles are part of raising children, but parents of children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder can struggle to convince their children to eat enough, according to registered dietitian David Feder, writing for "ADDitude," a magazine dedicated to attention disorders.

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Baby trying to sit on a toilet

How to Teach ADHD Kids Potty Training

ADHD stands for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, a condition characterized by lack of attention, hyperactivity and impulsiveness. Children with ADHD may struggle with potty training more than children without special needs due to their lack of self-control.

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Attractive pregnant woman holding a bowl of salad while standing

Healthy Tips for Your 8th Month in Pregnancy

Pregnancy is a special process, and in your eighth month, you are probably getting excited about meeting your new baby. It's important to maintain your health throughout your entire pregnancy; however, it is particularly important in the eighth and ninth months, when your baby becomes fully formed.

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Chinese pregnant woman,China

Problems During the First Trimester of Pregnancy

The first trimester of pregnancy lasts from fertilization to the 13th week. During this time the embryo will implant, form the fetal part of the placenta and develop all its organs. Your body will pump out hormones and produce more blood cells to support the pregnancy.

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Healthy Newborn Infant on Pediatric Scale Examination Table

Normal Weight Range of a One Month Old

Weight gain is one of many indicators of good health in a newborn baby. Slow weight gain can be a sign of an underlying problem, according to Children’s Hospital Boston. That said, sometimes a perfectly healthy baby has a natural growth pattern that is slower than normal.

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Newborn and Mother in hospital

Warning Signs for Newborns

Birth is a stressful event for a newborn. Newborns must make many physiologic adaptations immediately after birth, and any number of things can occur at that time. The circulatory system changes, a new oxygen source must be utilized, and the newborn must learn to coordinate sucking and swallowing to obtain nutrition.

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woman lying in bed with flu and fever feeling sick

Warning Signs of a Pending Miscarriage

A miscarriage refers to the loss of a fetus before 20 weeks of pregnancy. Most miscarriages occur before the 12th week in pregnancy, as stated by the Mayo Clinic. Miscarriages generally occur from abnormalities to the fetus and certain maternal problems, although the cause can be unknown.

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How to Read Clearblue Pregnancy Tests

The Clearblue Easy +/- Results Pregnancy Test with Color Change Tip and the Clearblue Easy Digital Pregnancy Test both have fast, easy-to-read results. Each test has a display window on the front of the test stick.

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Girl playing with toys

Development of a 16-Month-Old Baby

Children develop motor, language, cognitive and sensory skills at their own pace, but there are typical developmental milestones you can look for at different ages to see how your child is doing in each of these areas. At 16 months, your child is leaving infancy behind and becoming a toddler.

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Neck Development in Babies

The development of the neck in babies is an important step in reaching all of the developmental milestones of infancy. A newborn starts out with very little control over his neck, leading him to resemble a rag doll at times and requiring parents to support his fragile head and neck until he begins to develop control.

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Baby taking a nap

How to Get a Gassy Baby to Sleep at Night

A gassy baby who is feeling pain and misery can keep everyone in the household awake. Treating the problem by easing baby's bloating makes for a happier baby who can settle down to sleep more easily.

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Pregnancy test

Hospital Pregnancy Test Results

A hospital pregnancy test works by detecting human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) in either blood or urine. HCG is a hormone produced by a woman once an egg is fertilized and implants in her uterus.

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Adorable little girl sleeping in her bed

How to Get a Hyper Child to Bed

Although you’re exhausted by bedtime, your child seems to be bouncing off the walls when he is supposed to be getting ready for sleep. His excess energy means you get to deal with extra delays and protests. How is he supposed to get enough sleep when he’s so hyper?

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mother with boy lies on meadow

Effects That Language Has on Cognitive Development

Children hear and learn from the sounds of speech even while they are still in the womb. Language learning accelerates once infants are born. Children’s language instincts inspire them to learn the syntax of their native language and a vocabulary of approximately 5,000 words over their first 5 years of life.

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