Parenting & Child Development: From Infancy to Adolescence

Parenting success relies on understanding developmental benchmarks, managing maternal health during and after pregnancy, and implementing effective behavioral strategies for toddlers and teenagers.

Grilled Fish Fillet and Salad

Is it Okay to Eat Bass When Pregnant?

Consuming a healthy and balanced diet is vital for maintaining good health during your pregnancy. During this time, you have to take special care of your diet. There are a lot of essential nutrients to help meet the growing needs of your baby.

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Hand of mother applying suncream to her son on beach.

How to Soothe a Toddler with Sunburn at Night

A toddler can become sunburned in a matter of minutes, but symptoms may not show up until six to 12 hours following sun exposure. Even minor sunburns in toddlers can leave the skin warm, red and painful and interfere with sleep. More severe burns can cause chills, blisters, headaches, vomiting and general illness.

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Newborn baby sleeping on the bed

Is it Safe for a Baby to Sleep in Just a Diaper?

Some babies seem to hate wearing pajamas at night, fussing while wearing the sleepwear and then calming once it’s off. Letting your baby sleep in just his diaper will save on laundry and it may help your baby sleep, but the safety of this choice depends on a number of factors.

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Mother Feeding Baby on Train

Advantages and Disadvantages of Formula for an Infant

Although breastfeeding certainly has its benefits, there’s no denying that infant formula still provides essential nourishment for an infant. And while disadvantages to using commercially prepared infant formulas exist, the choice to formula feed also has specific advantages.

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close-up of a mother kissing her son

Dehydration and Teething in an Infant

The teething process can cause infants a great deal of pain. Sometimes the pain is so intense that infants refuse to feed, which puts them at a greater risk of developing dehydration. Dehydration occurs when an infant takes in less water than the amount leaving his body.

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father bottle feeding baby (6-12 months)

Are You Allowed to Mix Formula With Milk for a Baby?

Infant formula can be used as a baby's sole food or in conjunction with breast milk when a baby is young, or with solids for older babies. Infant formula should always be prepared as directed, which means not using any type of milk in place of the water typically used for reconstituting formula.

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Baby girl with doctor

The Best Method to Take an Infant's Pulse

The best method to take an infant’s pulse is to listen to the apex of the heart with a stethoscope. In case of an emergency and when you don’t have a stethoscope, check a pulse on the large brachial artery of the infant’s arm. If an infant does not have a pulse, always call 911 while performing chest compressions.

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Close up of babys face, side view, Full Frame

Watery Eyes in Infants

Babies cannot verbally express how they feel, but a child, even an infant, can provide signs of a problem. An eye condition may exhibit symptoms such as redness, swelling or watery eyes.

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Baby Chewing on Crib

Severe Teething Pain in Babies

When your previously happy and content baby suddenly begins to bite, drool and cry with pain due to teething, you might feel frustrated and confused about the best way to help your little one. The symptoms of teething pain can vary day to day and baby to baby, worsening as the tooth gets closer to eruption.

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mother breast feeding her child

Does What You Eat Affect Your Breast Milk?

What a mother eats may affect the taste as well as the composition of her breast milk. Generally, eating a variety of foods with a variety of flavors is beneficial and may influence a child to be a more adventurous eater.

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Speech & Tongue Development in Children

Children experience many milestones within the first two years of their lives. Among these milestones, children will learn how to use their tongues for eating, drinking as well as talking. Some children may say their first words by 4 to 5 months and most form two or three-word sentences by 18 to 24 months.

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Healthy pregnancy

What If I Don't Drink Any Milk During Pregnancy?

Although dairy products can be good sources of protein, calcium and vitamin D, many other foods contain those nutrients as well. If you are lactose intolerant, vegan or just don't like the taste of dairy products, you can consume a well-balanced diet without dairy.

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Fresh sole served with potatoes

Can I Eat Sole While I Am Pregnant?

The warnings about limiting or avoiding certain types of fish when you're pregnant may have you wondering about sole, a type of flatfish related to flounder.

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Signs of Blindness in Newborns

A newborn's eyes are not fully developed, according to Lawrence M. Kaufman, M.D., Ph.D. at the University of Illinois Medical Center. The elements of the eyes develop in utero, but the nerve and internal structures continue to grow over the first two years of life.

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surprised baby

Painful Bowel Movements in Newborns

Newborn’s bowel habits vary from baby to baby. However, painful bowel movements can affect any baby, disrupting her daily schedule and making feedings and diaper changes difficult.

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Friends having fondue dinner

Can You Eat Cheese Fondue While Pregnant?

The French delicacy cheese fondue involves dipping bread into a little cauldron of hot melted cheese. Most hard and pasteurized cheeses present no safety problems for pregnant women. However, cheese fondue sometimes contains cheeses not suitable during pregnancy.

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eggs in the basket

How to Treat an Allergic Reaction to Eggs in an Infant

Eggs are one of the most common sources of allergic reactions to food in children. Infants who are allergic to eggs usually experience symptoms soon after consuming eggs or foods that contain eggs. Common symptoms include hives around the mouth or on the body, swelling of the lips and face, and skin rash.

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baby

Reasons for Late Teething

Your baby's first tooth likely won't make an appearance until his third or fourth month of life. Eruption of teeth before then is considered early teething. If your baby is not teething by the time he's 13 months, then he is experiencing late teething. In most cases, delayed teething is nothing to worry about.

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Mother feeding infant girl with a milk bottle

How to Mix Breast Milk With Whole Milk

When your baby turns 1 year old, you may wish to introduce him to cow’s milk. Whole milk is better than skim milk or 2 percent milk for babies this age. Although some parents introduce whole milk to their infant by itself, others prefer the gradual approach and mix the whole milk with breast milk or formula.

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