Sports & Fitness: Performance Training, Rules & Recovery

Elite athletic performance and general fitness are sustained through structured hypertrophy strategies, sport-specific conditioning, and rigorous adherence to injury prevention protocols.

Woman boxing at gym

Compare Calories of Cardio Boxing to Running

Cardio boxing classes provide a fun, calorie-burning alternative to monotonous activities like running. Cardio boxing uses boxing moves to provide an aerobic workout. Gyms and private studios offer different types of cardio boxing classes for group exercise.

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Man running up steps at sports stadium, elevated view

Knee Exercises for Going Down Stairs

When you have knee problems, going down stairs can become painful or frustrating. This can be unfortunate, especially when using stairs is part of your daily experience when running errands or going to work.

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Tennis player holding injured knee

Degenerative Meniscus

Your knee is a hinge joint formed by your thigh bone and your shin bone. These two bones come together and are stabilized by cartilage to help hold your knee in place. Between the two bones are two pads of cartilage that are known as the lateral and medial meniscus.

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Woman performing leg stretch in garden, man standing in foreground

What Is a Dead Muscle?

A doctor, personal trainer or physical therapist may use the term "dead muscle." It's a way of describing a muscle that's been deprived of nutrients and is no longer usable, that's injured or that's simply inactive due to underuse.

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How to Get Rid of Knots in Biceps

Knots in a muscle are the result of an injury that causes muscle spasms. If the spasm is not treated, it goes on to form knots in the muscle. As you move around during the day, muscles cycle on and off with different movements. An untreated spasm makes the muscle stay contracted all the time.

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Couple exercising

Can I Lift Weights & Do Insanity?

If you hear someone at the gym talking about "insanity," it's likely that your treadmill neighbor isn't referring to mental unraveling, but to a particularly rigorous exercise regime that promises dramatic improvements in fitness.

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Couple walking on path

Heel-Toe vs. Toe-Heel Walking

Humans adapted to a pattern of walking that differs from that of most mammals. Instead of walking on their toes without putting much weight on the heel, they tend to walk by striking their heels first – in a strike known as heel-toe walking.

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Baseball Pitcher

How Should I Field Weak Players in Slow-Pitch Softball?

Strong defense is critical in slow pitch softball, and so is making sure the best players are at the toughest positions. Placing weaker players in the field is a challenge, but there are 10 players on the field in slow pitch softball, and several positions require less defensive ability.

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young man exercising on horizontal bar outdoors

Alternatives for Reverse-Grip Pull Downs

The reverse-grip pull down, more often called the reverse-grip β€œlat” pull down, is an exercise that targets the back and biceps. It’s performed on a pull-down machine, which you'll find in gyms or health clubs.

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Nurse With Patient During Health Check

What Causes False Stress Test Results on a Treadmill?

A stress test can be used to identify heart problems and other health issues. One type of stress test is performed on a treadmill while technicians gradually increase speeds and inclines and monitor your heart's response.

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Teenage girl practicing riding long board.

Running vs. Longboarding

Whether on a college campus or in a city park, runners and skateboarders abound on a warm summer day. While runners still use the same basic equipment -- running shoes, shorts and headphones -- the sidewalk surfer's skateboard has evolved into the longboard.

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Young man relaxing on chair, pool in foreground, rear view

Swimming After a Perianal Abscess

Unlike other aerobic exercises such as jogging, swimming puts little stress on your joints, making it an ideal exercise for people with arthritis.

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Woman on a Balance Beam

What Helps Strengthen Your Center of Gravity?

When people talk about having a strong center of gravity, they usually mean good balance, although your center of gravity is only one part of the equation for balance and stability.

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Spinning session at the gym

Cadence Vs. Watts for Indoor Cycling

Cycling cadence refers to the rate at which the pedals turn when you're riding your bike. Watts refer to a specific unit of power that you can increase or decrease when riding your bike.

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Woman exercising with others

How to Tone the Upper Arms After 70

Aging generally results in physical deterioration, including a loss of muscle tone. Even seniors who stay in shape may experience increased muscle weakness and flabbiness over age 70. The percentage of people who lose muscle mass rises to over 50 percent at age 80 from 13 to 24 percent at age 70, according to Dr.

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Woman at starting line

Why Do Runners Line Up Staggered?

In many track races, competitors will not line up at one even starting mark. Instead, runners start in their own lane at different positions on the track. This creates a staggered appearance for the runners when viewed from overhead.

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Barbell and discs in a weightlifting gym

Partial Deadlifts Vs. Deadlifts

Bodybuilders, powerlifters and regular exercisers often work deadlifts into their routines. Whether to perform partial or full deadlifts depends on your lifting experience and abilities, as well as your goals -- whether you want to work the entire body or isolate the upper body musculature.

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Young girl gymnast practicing her floor exercises

How to Do a Split for Beginners for Kids

A split is a popular move in gymnastics where the legs are extended in opposite directions so that they are parallel to each other. Like other moves in gymnastics, a split also requires physical strength, flexibility, coordination and balance.

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