Parenting & Child Development: From Infancy to Adolescence

Parenting success relies on understanding developmental benchmarks, managing maternal health during and after pregnancy, and implementing effective behavioral strategies for toddlers and teenagers.

Pregnant woman.

Pregnancy Related Hives

Hives, or urticaria, are uncomfortable skin symptoms that may occur during pregnancy. The condition may arise for reasons such as an allergic reaction to a food or medication, or as an immune-system phenomenon.

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Pain in the female abdomen

What to Expect After Paragard Removal

ParaGard® is a brand of contraceptive intrauterine device, or IUD. It is shaped like a “T” and is composed of several lengths of copper wire that make the environment inside the uterus inhospitable to sperm, therefore blocking egg fertilization.

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Garlic cloves and bulb on cutting board

How to Use Garlic to Loosen Phlegm in an Infant

A build up of phlegm, thick mucus produced by your infant's lungs and upper airways, can cause significant distress for your infant. There are numerous causes of increased phlegm production, such as respiratory infection, irritation, lung disease and cystic fibrosis.

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Chopped Celery

Is There a Natural Food Good for Swelling During Pregnancy?

Swelling, or edema, is one of a plethora of symptoms many pregnant women experience. It’s caused by increased pressure in your veins and water retention and is exacerbated by hot weather and fatigue. Edema typically occurs in your ankles, fingers, face and lower back.

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Research of milk in laboratory

What Kind of Food Is Good for a Baby's Heart Development?

Proper nutrition plays an essential role in the development of your child’s cardiovascular system. Like adults, babies require adequate amounts of omega-3 fatty acids, along with essential vitamins and minerals to develop properly.

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Cooking Oats for a Baby

Not only can oatmeal be delicious, it also makes an ideal grain for infants with its beneficial nutritional content. The whole grain of oatmeal, combined with its high fiber and low fat make it a delicious breakfast menu item for your baby and the rest of the family, as well.

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Newborn baby crying on the bed

Can Chest Congestion Cause an Infant to Lose Her Voice?

Your baby may not be able to speak yet, but as her parent, you are the expert on what her voice sounds like. If her cries and babbles begin to sound strained and raspy and you can hear gurgles and wetness in her chest, don't hesitate to call the pediatrician.

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nutrition and diet during pregnancy. Pregnant woman with fruits

Are You Only Craving Vegetables While Pregnant?

If you experience food cravings during pregnancy, you fit in with about half of all pregnant women, reports Judith Brown, author of "What to Eat Before, During, and After Pregnancy." Many women crave unhealthy sweets and salty snacks, but others may crave healthy vegetables and fruits.

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Man and child

Bathing an Infant and Ear Infections

Ear infections are one of the most common childhood illnesses, affecting as many as 50 percent of all children before their first birthday, Boston University School of Medicine professor of pediatrics Jerome Klein reports on the UpToDate website.

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Tired Mother Suffering From Post Natal Depression

What to Do for an Earache if You Are Nursing a Baby

If you're breastfeeding, you probably prefer to avoid taking unnecessary medications that could pass through your breast milk to your baby. If you develop an earache, your doctor may prescribe antibiotics if you have an ear infection. Ear pain doesn't always indicate an ear infection, however.

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Mother playing with her baby son

My Baby Is Crying & Arching His Back When Breastfeeding

The benefits of breastfeeding have been documented in thousands of studies. The American Academy of Pediatrics advises that parents exclusively breastfeed for the first 6 months of their child's life and that they continue breastfeeding after introducing solid foods to their children.

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Newborn baby in incubator

Constipation in Preemie Newborns

Preemie babies have more trouble with constipation than full-term babies for several reasons. Decreased muscle tone, preemie formulas and a history of bowel infections can all contribute to problems with stools in premature babies, even after they come out of the hospital.

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newborn baby crying

Signs of Stomach Cramps in Newborns

If you've tried cuddling, feeding, rocking and other methods of baby soothing, but your newborn still complains, she might have stomach cramps. If your baby has a fever, stops gaining weight at a healthy rate or if she seems like she's in pain, consult your pediatrician to discuss possible causes.

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Precious Newborn Baby with Umbelical Cord

What Should I Do to Protect My Newborn When I Am Sick?

Without a fully developed immune system, you newborn runs the risk of catching whatever bug is currently ailing you. Although spreading an illness to your infant is likely during close encounters such as feeding, bathing changing or simply rocking your little one, you can reduce the risk by taking a few basic steps.

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baby laying down

Babies & Restless Arms

As your baby gets older, you might be surprised to see her in constant motion, even before she can roll over or crawl. Babies learn about the world around them by moving their body and interacting with their environment. Your baby's arm movements can tell you important things about what she is experiencing.

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