Parenting & Child Development: From Infancy to Adolescence

Parenting success relies on understanding developmental benchmarks, managing maternal health during and after pregnancy, and implementing effective behavioral strategies for toddlers and teenagers.

mother and daughter in bed together

How to Help a 9-Year-Old Child Sleep

When a 9-year old is having trouble falling asleep at night, there can be many factors involved. School stress, social pressures, over stimulation, poor diet, or anxiety may contribute to inability to fall asleep. Young pre-teens may experience a completely normal hormonal shift that causes difficulty sleeping.

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Why Do Babies Have Soft Spots on Their Heads?

Babies are born with two soft areas on the top of their heads, which are called "fontanels." This area is where your baby's skull bones haven't yet grown together. The soft spots make vaginal delivery possible and allow for your baby's brain to continue to develop after delivery.

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Father playing with baby (6-12 months), indoors

Signs that Baby is Cutting Teeth

Many parents dread the days when their baby begins cutting his first teeth, and it's true that teething babies can be crabby. The process is inevitable, though, so it's best to prepare yourself. Most babies cut their first teeth between the ages of 4 to 7 months, according to the American Academy of Pediatrics.

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Causes of Poor Circulation in Teenagers

The process of blood flow throughout the body is called circulation. Poor blood circulation is characterized by symptoms in the extremities, or hand, arms, feet and legs, including numbness, tingling or cold temperature. Various diseases can lead to poor blood circulation in teenagers.

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Burping baby

How to Burp a Baby Fast

When babies drink, especially form a bottle, they often swallow air into their tiny digestive tracts. Because they aren't as mobile, they aren't able to burp on their own—and if they don't pass the air out of their systems, they can get uncomfortable and fussy as pressure builds.

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Mother and children cooking in a white kitchen

How to Increase a Toddler's Appetite

As the rate of growth slows down and the need for independence starts emerging, many toddlers have a low appetite and become picky eaters. This is a normal developmental stage that most children will grow out of.

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How to Determine the Father by Conception Date

Establishing paternity of your unborn child is important. It not only allows you to seek financial and emotional support from the father, but also provides you with access to legal and social benefits and a complete medical history for your child.

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How to Tell If a Man Can't Have Babies

You can't tell if a man's infertile just by looking at him, but it happens more frequently than you might think. Male infertility accounts for about half of the total infertility cases, reports the American Pregnancy Association, and yet people still think of infertility as a woman's problem.

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What Can Stress Do to the Unborn Baby?

With so much focus on body care and post-delivery parenting, the effect of maternal stress on an unborn baby is still a topic in need of more research and attention.

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Pregnancy & Numbness in Fingers

The stresses on a woman's body during pregnancy are significant and come from a variety of sources. Hormones cause the body and mind to function differently than normal in preparing the body for the rigors of bringing a baby to term and caring for a newborn.

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Thoughtful mature pregnant woman relaxing on couch

Signs of Kidney Disease During Pregnancy

The changes that pregnancy brings to a woman’s body can induce certain disorders, including kidney disease. Preeclampsia, or pregnancy-induced hypertension, and severe urinary tract infections can both be signs of kidney disease during pregnancy.

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Creaming face of infant girl after bath

Ingredients in Baby Aquaphor

Aquaphor is a brand of products manufactured by Eucerin. Eucerin specializes in lotions, ointments and salves for the treatment of chapped, dry and irritated skin. The Aquaphor line contains a product specifically aimed at helping children, called Aquaphor Baby Healing Ointment.

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Baby peering over dads shoulder

Signs a Baby Needs to be Burped

It is common knowledge that babies burp after breastfeeding or drinking a bottle. Air that is gulped down, especially during bottle feeding creates digestive discomfort and is soothed by burping.

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Little girl doing her homework at home

At What Age Can a Child Be Left Home Alone?

Although there is no set age at which a child can be left home alone, there are guidelines parents can use to help determine if their child is physically, mentally and emotionally ready for this type of independence.

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two boys and a girl playing soccer

Pros & Cons of Children in Sports

Health care providers place a growing emphasis on physical fitness for kids. One way for children to stay healthy is to play sports. In addition to providing physical activity, sports also help children develop social skills and practice teamwork.

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Mother sitting with daughter in bed

The Best Ways to Get a Child to Stop Coughing

Treating your child's cough can be a challenge. Since 2008, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration has recommended that parents avoid treating children's coughs with over-the-counter cough medication; the benefits of these medications doesn't outweigh potential drawbacks.

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Cesarean Section Scar covered with Medical Tape

Cesarean Wound Complications

Cesarean section is a surgical procedure in which a doctor creates a surgical incision in the abdomen to deliver a baby. According to the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, complications are rare, but they do sometimes occur.

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Baby playing with toy

How to Clean Used Newborn Baby Furniture

Newborn baby furniture can be expensive. Second-hand items can save a family a great deal of money. When shopping for these items it is important to evaluate how they were handled. Families with pet allergies should ask the seller if animals lived in the home with the furniture.

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