Comprehensive Sports Guide: Rules, Conditioning & Equipment

Athletic mastery depends on understanding official gameplay rules, optimizing equipment technology, and implementing sport-specific conditioning drills.

Family jumping together

Do You Lose Jumping Ability?

The ability to jump requires not just strength but power, which is a combination of speed and strength. To lift your body weight into the air, your muscles must contract quickly and forcefully. Athletes spend many hours training to increase the height of their vertical jump.

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Teenage boy (16-17) performing tricks with skateboard on sidewalk, low angle view

Top Three Fastest Skateboard Bearings

Without bearings, your skateboard will grind to a stuttering halt. The little balls inside of each wheel allow the metal on the outside of your wheels to spin around the axle without destroying the metal. The introduction of ceramic balls has taken the potential speed of skateboarders to another level.

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baseball pitcher tone.jpg

Forearm Pain After Throwing a Baseball

If you repeatedly perform overhead throws at high speeds, it can put tremendous pressure on your elbow. In addition, tight forearm muscles compound the stress on your elbow because your elbow has to compensate for a restricted range of motion.

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Young baseball players sitting in dugout

The Average Bat Speed for a Youth Baseball Player

As a measure of a hitter’s power, bat speed can provide a youth baseball player with a competitive edge. If a player boosts his bat speed by two miles per hour, he can hit the ball another 20 to 25 feet, according to former coach Dennis Tessicini of Taft High School on HittingWorld.

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Senior couple on country bike ride

Cycling Position & Elbow Pain

When cycling, your elbows act as shock absorbers, cushioning your upper body as you ride over bumps or uneven terrain. If you cycle with your arms straight and elbows locked, your elbow joints take a beating, which can result in elbow pain.

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Women boxers training

Boxer's Workout and Diet

With a well-designed training regimen, boxers can develop anaerobic and aerobic endurance, power, foot-and-hand speed and hand-eye coordination. Workouts typically split between weight training for anaerobic strength and cardio sessions incorporating boxing for aerobic endurance.

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Woman playing golf

The Average Women's Golf Swing Speeds

The average female golfer's swing speed is 65 mph, wrote Tom Wishon in "Ten Things You Thought You Knew About Golf Clubs." Because a woman has less upper body power than a man, her swing speeds tend to be lower.

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Group Training with Medicine Ball

The Best Arm Exercises for Volleyball

The most effective volleyball players have a powerful arm swing, hitting the ball with more force and gaining greater thrust on jumps. During the course of a game, you use your arms to serve, set, hit, spike and block -- fundamental maneuvers for successful play.

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little boy running dribbling

How to Improve My Football Dribbling Skills

Skillful dribbling enables you to control a soccer ball’s movement so as to maintain the advantage over an opponent. The skill is used to do several things in a game, including outmaneuvering a defender, handling a ball in a tight space or moving forward at top speed on an open field.

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