Fitness Mastery: Hypertrophy, HIIT & Running Optimization

Comprehensive fitness involves a mix of strength training for hypertrophy, HIIT for metabolic health, and corrective exercises for postural alignment.

Cardio Exercises

Cardiac output is the volume of blood pumped from the left ventricle in one minute.

Factors That Affect Cardiac Output

Published Jul,08 2011 | By Eugene Elliott

Cardiac output (CO) can be defined in words, units of measurement or equations. In short it is the volume of blood being pumped from the left ventricle of the heart in one minute, also expressed as liters per minute (L/min). In the average adult at rest the cardiac output will typically measure between 4.5 and 5.

Eugene Elliott is a critical-care paramedic and senior emergency management/public health/environmental analyst. With experience in public safety, public health and incident response, Elliott has been an educator and writer for more than 10 years, affiliated with the American Public Health Association, Virginia Public Health Association and the National Emergency Management Association. He holds degrees in biology, public health/administration and emergency management.