Sports & Fitness: Performance Training, Rules & Recovery

Elite athletic performance and general fitness are sustained through structured hypertrophy strategies, sport-specific conditioning, and rigorous adherence to injury prevention protocols.

Asian man playing golf

The Advantages of a Flat Backswing

In golf, a flat backswing is one that runs closer to parallel to the ground, while a vertical, or upright, swing is one that runs closer to perpendicular to the ground. Legendary golfer Ben Hogan was famous for his flat backswing. Current PGA player Chad Campbell also has a noticeably flat backswing.

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woman applying a cold pack to her leg

How to Treat Sore Leg Muscles From Sprint Training

Muscle soreness can occur immediately following sprint training, known as acute muscle soreness. Soreness also can be felt a day or two after training, known as delayed-onset muscle soreness, or DOMS. Acute muscle soreness is a result of fluid shifting from blood to muscle tissue as a filtering process.

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Fit man working out on rowing machine

How Much Do Rowing Machines Cost?

Rowing machines, or ergometers, are one of the best total-body cardiovascular fitness machines available, according to AmericanFitness.net. While other machines such as treadmills only target the legs, rowing machines help develop strength and endurance in the entire body. The popular cross-training website, Crossfit.

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Golfer Preparing to Swing

The Advantages of 2 Piece Vs. 3 Piece Golf Balls

Golf balls have undergone several transformations throughout the history of the game. From the "gutta percha" and leather-covered "feathery" golf balls of the early 1900's to the high-performance four-piece golf balls of today, golf balls have perhaps experienced more changes than clubs.

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Ping Eye2 Vs. New Golf Clubs

Ping Eye2 golf clubs were first produced in 1982, and were the best-selling iron of the 1980s, the company says.. Ping Eye2 irons featured a perimeter-weighted clubhead and square-faced grooves for improved spin.

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Golfer Hitting Ball Down Fairway

The Best Golf Clubs for 80 MPH Swing Speed

The average PGA Tour professional swings over 110 miles per hour and carries a driver at least 275 yards, according to Golf Spyder. Though a swing speed of 80 mph is on the low end, you can still maximize your distance and lower your scores by choosing the correct equipment.

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Woman exercising with weights

How Much Time Should I Spend Lifting Weights?

The amount of time you dedicate to lifting weights depends on your weightlifting experience and your training goals. Experienced lifters can endure more training stress and need a greater number of sessions to see continued improvement. Beginners need to allow more time for muscle recovery and to prevent overtraining.

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Couple flexing muscles

How to Build Muscle Without Supplements

Building muscle results from a proper weightlifting program and sufficient nutrition. Nutritional supplements, such as protein powders and weight gain formulas, can be effective if you do not achieve enough nutrition in your diet. These formulas do little good, however, if you already consume a balanced diet.

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