An Asian pear is a fruit from the tree with the scientific name Pyrus pyrifolia. The Asian pear tree is native to Asia and has other names such as the nashi pear, sand pear and apple pear. The fruit has a high water content and a grainy texture compared to the familiar European pear.
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A roast is generally a tougher cut of meat such as a chuck cut. A cook typically browns the roast and slow cooks it in liquid. This process tenderizes the meat and produces a broth you can make into gravy. A pot roast usually includes a variety of vegetables such as potatoes and carrots that you cook with the meat.
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Oat flour comes from the grain of the oat plant. Commercial manufacturers grind it directly from oat grains, and you can make oat flour by grinding oatmeal more finely. Baked products made with oatmeal retain their freshness and moisture longer than those made with wheat flour do.
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A bagel is a type of bread made from yeasted wheat dough. The baker forms the dough into the shape of a large doughnut and boils it briefly in water. This provides a crisp exterior and a soft, chewy interior. Bagels frequently contain fruit or other ingredients and blueberry bagels are especially popular.
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Tahini sauce consists primarily of ground sesame seeds, which may be hulled or unhulled. It's an essential ingredient in Middle Eastern dishes such as hummus, and used as a common table condiment.
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Baklava is a pastry that primarily consists of many thin layers of unleavened dough known as phyllo dough. It also contains chopped nuts and honey, along with some spices. Baklava originates from the Mediterranean and Middle East, although it’s popular in many other parts of the world.
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A coffee bun is a pastry that generally consists of rolled yeast dough. It typically has icing, and a coffee bun may also have toppings of fruit and nuts. A coffee bun is generally high in fat and sugar, like other dessert pastries.
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Boudin is a type of sausage popular in Cajun cuisine. Boudin generally is made from pork without the blood and it typically includes the heart and liver.
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A coffee cake is generally a single layer cake that contains cinnamon, fruit and nuts. A coffee cake does not actually contain coffee; it's so-named because you typically serve it with coffee.
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A turnover is a type of pastry that contains a filling, usually fruit. The baker places the filling on a sheet of pastry dough, and folds the dough over to seal in the filling. The calories in these morsels can add up quickly.
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Rice is the grain from the rice plant, or Oryza sativa. It's a staple crop in many parts of the world, and has many varieties. The calories in rice come primarily from complex carbohydrates.
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Shrimp tempura consists primarily of shrimp that have been battered and deep fried. This dish typically includes a side order of vegetables. Protein is the primary source of calories in shrimp tempura.
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Toffee is a combination of sugar and butter. The manufacturer melts the sugar and mixes in the butter before allowing the mixture to cool. The calories in toffee come primarily from sugar.
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A cheese sandwich generally consists of one or more slices of cheese between two pieces of bread. It's frequently cooked in a pan or on an open grill, causing the bread to toast and the cheese to melt.
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A matzo ball is a traditional Jewish dumpling made from unleavened dough. Matzo ball soup consists of matzo balls, chicken stock and seasonings. The primary source of calories and matzo ball soup is fat from the chicken stock.
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Broccoli and cheese soup generally contains a soup base, broccoli, cheese and a few seasonings. It's readily available from restaurants and grocery stores. The cheese content gives broccoli and cheese soup a significant number of calories from fat.
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Hyaluronic acid is a long, unbranched chain of simple sugar molecules. The body uses it to provide connective tissue such as cartilage, and it’s also used to repair the skin. Ultraviolet radiation from the sun can cause skin cells to reduce their production of hyaluronic acid.
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Sodium phosphate is a generic term that may refer to any sodium salt of phosphoric acid. They’re commonly added to food and may serve a variety of purposes. Sodium phosphates have been well studied and are generally considered safe when used as a food additive.
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Rasgulla is a dessert made primarily from a type of cottage cheese known as chhena, dough and sugar syrup. It’s native to the Indian state of Orissa, although various types of rasgulla can now be found throughout India. Rasgullas are typically served at festivals or other social occasions.
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A pretzel is a pastry that’s typically shaped into a three-looped knot but it can have many other shapes. A pretzel roll is made in the same way except that it’s shaped into a roll. They’re a specialty of south Germany and are now common throughout Germany according to The German Baker.
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