Avascular necrosis, or osteonecrosis, is a condition in which your bone tissue dies due to a lack of sufficient blood supply. This can happen for several reasons including use of high-dose corticosteroids, injury, excessive consumption of alcohol, chemotherapy, radiation and sickle cell disease.

Stenosis is a condition where the spinal canal narrows, causing pressure and pinching upon the spinal cord. Cervical stenosis is when the condition happens in the neck, or the cervical spine.

Lumbar radiculitis is the irritation or inflammation of the nerve root in the lumbar spine and the sacrum that can cause numerous pain in different parts of your body, including your lower back and one side of the hip, leg or foot, according to Dr. Stuart McGill, author of "Low Back Disorders."

Hallux rigidus is a condition caused by arthritis at the base of your big toe. This condition leads to a bone spur that results in the inability to bend your big toe when walking or performing other activities. Hallux rigidus can result in pain when walking, swelling, and the inability to move the big toe up and down.

Experiencing tingling and numbness in the leg can be a symptom that something is placing pressure on your nerves. One common cause of leg nerve pain or numbness is a condition known as sciatica, where the disks in the lower back press on your sciatic nerve, which runs from the back down the leg.

A brachial plexus injury is an injury to the nerves that travel from your neck down to your arms, according to the University of Michigan Health System. The nerves linked to your spinal cord that allow your limbs to move and have sensation are called peripheral nerves.

Osteoarthritis in the basal joint at the wrist and base of the thumb can require a surgical procedure called arthroplasty. After an arthroplasty, your doctor can suggest physical therapy exercises to help regain strength and mobility in your thumb.

Your thigh bone, or femur, is the largest bone in the human body and as such is also one of the strongest bones in your body. As we age and conditions like osteoporosis set in, your bones begin to weaken. A fall can break the top portion of your femur, resulting in what is colloquially known as a hip fracture.

Cervical radiculopathy, often called a pinched nerve, describes a condition of irritation, injury or damage to one of the nerves that exits the spine in the area of the neck. One of the more serious effects of nerve irritation is a loss of strength in the muscles that the nerve normally supplies.

The inguinal ligament is a tough fibrous band that supports the groin region and helps to prevent the intestines from protruding into the groin.

Ultrasound, according to Alain-Yvan Belanger, is the most commonly used modality in physical therapy today. Its use dates all the way back to the 1880s. Ultrasound machines generate sound waves that are higher than the frequency we can hear.

You may experience calf pain after your leg cast has been removed. This pain can be caused by muscle tightness, arthritic changes or decreased circulation. There are simple exercises and activities that you can do to decrease your pain.