Cardiac output is the amount of blood pumped out of one side of the heart in a minute. The average for a normal adult is approximately 5 liters per minute.

Pulse oximeters are devices that are used to indirectly measure the amount of oxygen in the blood by measuring a quantity known as oxygen saturation, or SpO2. SpO2 is a measurement of the percentage of hemoglobin molecules that are bound to oxygen.

For centuries, the way blood circulated seemed more magic than science, until 1628 when William Harvey described the mechanics by which it flowed against the force of gravity, in his work "De Motu Cordis." Your cardiovascular system pumps and delivers crucial oxygen and nutrients to your entire body.

Pain in the left arm can be due to many causes, ranging from a pulled muscle to a massive heart attack. While it is not always possible to determine whether left arm pain is due to an insignificant cause or something potentially serious, several features can help distinguish the difference.

Seventy-one million adults in the United States are affected by high LDL cholesterol, according to Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. It is important to be aware of your cholesterol levels because a high cholesterol level double your risk for developing cardiovascular disease.

There are numerous effects of anemia on the cardiovascular system. According to the U.S. National Library of Medicine and the National Institutes of Health, iron deficiency is one of the principle causes of anemia, although certain medical conditions, including sickle cell anemia and cancer, can also cause anemia.

To maintain cardiovascular health, the American College of Sports Medicine recommends getting at least 30 minutes of moderate aerobic exercise on five or more days per week, or at least 20 minutes of vigorous exercise on three or more days per week.

Your cardiovascular system is made up of your heart, arteries, veins and capillaries. The heart has four separate chambers--two atria, or upper chambers, and two ventricles, or lower chambers. The right atrium and ventricle accept blood from your body and pump it into your lungs.

The main purpose of the cardiovascular system is to transport blood rich in oxygen and nutrients to cells in the body and transport waste products in the blood to the appropriate system for elimination. The cardiovascular system plays many important roles, including the maintenance of body temperature.

Ganache is one of the mainstays of the pastry chef's kitchen. A mixture of cream and high quality chocolate, it can be made thick and fudgy or thin and runny, depending on how it's to be used.

The cardiovascular system, made up primarily of the heart, blood vessels, and blood, is responsible for distributing oxygenated blood to body cells, and removing metabolic waste from the cells.

A pulse oximeter measures the amount of hemoglobin saturated with oxygen. Oxygen saturation measured by pulse oximetry (SpO2) between 96 and 100 percent are considered normal, according to nursing instructor Kathy Lawrence, M.S.N. of the University of Texas Medical Branch.