Your kidneys are paired organs that keep your blood chemically clean and balanced. Each day, they sift water and waste from about 200 quarts of blood, according to the National Kidney and Urologic Diseases Information Clearinghouse.

Medicare provides benefits for breast reduction surgery, also known as reduction mammoplasty, when it is medically necessary to treat macromastia or breast hypertrophy that is causing adverse health effects. Women experiencing this condition typically suffer from back and neck pain, headaches and skin problems.

A biopsy of the lungs is a diagnostic procedure during which a doctor removes a small portion of the lung tissue for further evaluation. Typically, this test is performed on patients with suspected lung disease or infection, such as lung cancer or pneumonia.

Tonsillectomy is an operation done to remove the tonsils. It is more commonly performed in children than in adults. Like any other surgery, tonsillectomy has risks. The problems that can arise particularly in adults include bleeding, pain, problems with anesthesia and delayed recovery.

If you have recently had breast augmentation surgery, you may have gained weight or feel out of shape from taking some time off from exercising during the recovery period. In addition, right after surgery, the tissue around the implants gets swollen, which can add on temporary pounds and make you feel big.

The ulnar nerve is a nerve in the inner arm that runs from the armpit, past the inner elbow and into the fourth and fifth fingers.

A hernia is a protrusion of an organ or soft tissue of an organ through the cavity that normally contains it. The types of abdominal hernias include direct inguinal, indirect inguinal, femoral, umbilical, incisional, diaphragmatic, hiatal, Richter's, and Spigelian.

General anesthesia -- a combination of medications that decrease brain activity and pain receptor response -- creates a lack of consciousness, immobility and loss of feeling.

Hemorrhoids are small bundles of veins in the anus that are considered part of normal anal anatomy. They can, however, become engorged with too much blood, usually due to straining during defecation. Symptoms such as bleeding, pain and itching then arise.

While anesthesia can be risky, it is a common practice used during a vast majority of surgical procedures. Anesthesia is a mix of pain relief and sensation administered before a surgery under the direction of an anesthesiologist.

A number of types of bumps can develop on the inside of the eye. More often that not, the bumps are benign and not cause for alarm. The most common bumps are styes, but these inflamed oil glands are red in color and quite tender to the touch.

The small intestine's function is to absorb ingested fluids and nutrients. There are many conditions whose treatment may require removal of a part of the small intestine, most notably cancers, Crohn’s disease, a blockade in an intestinal artery, a twisted loop of intestine, an obstruction, and some birth defects.